Many of the posts I read here are about Docker. Is anybody using Kubernetes to manage their self hosted stuff? For those who’ve tried it and went back to Docker, why?
I’m doing my 3rd rebuild of a K8s cluster after learning things that I’ve done wrong and wanted to start fresh, but when enhancing my Docker setup and deciding between K8s and Docker Swarm, I decided on K8s for the learning opportunities and how it could help me at work.
What’s your story?
You must log in or register to comment.
I manage like 200 servers in Google cloud k8s but I don’t think I’d do that for home use. The core purpose is to manage multiple servers and assign processes between them, auto scaling, cluster internal network - running docker containers for single instance apps for personal use doesn’t require this kind of complexity
My NAS software has a docker thing just built into it. I can upload or specify a package and it just runs it on the local hardware. If you have a Linux shell, I guess all you really have to do is run
dockerdto start the daemon, make sure your network config allows connections, and upload your docker containers to it for runningMy thinking is the same, I see lots of k8s mentions on here and from coworkers at home and all I use is docker and VMs because I don’t want all that complexity I have to deal with at work.
Kubernetes is great if you run lots of services and/or already use kubernetes at work. I use it all the time and I’ve learned a lot on my personal cluster that I’ve taken to work to improve their systems. If you’re used to managing infra already then it’s not that much more work, and it’s great to be able to shutdown a server for maintenance and not have to worry about more than a brief blip on your home services.
I use k8s at work and have built a k8s cluster in my homelab… but I did not like it. I tore it down, and currently using podman, and don’t think I would go back to k8s (though I would definitely use docker as an alternative to podman and would probably even recommend it over podman for beginners even though I’ve settled on podman for myself).
- K8s itself is quite resource-consuming, especially on ram. My homelab is built on old/junk hardware from retired workstations. I don’t want the kubelet itself sucking up half my ram. Things like k3s help with this considerably, but that’s not quite precisely k8s either. If I’m going to start trimming off the parts of k8s I don’t need, I end up going all the way to single-node podman/docker… not the halfway point that is k3s.
- If you don’t use hostNetworking, the k8s model of traffic routes only with the cluster except for egress is all pure overhead. It’s totally necessary with you have a thousand engineers slinging services around your cluster, but there’s no benefit to this level fo rigor in service management in a homelab. Here again, the networking in podman/docker is more straightforward and maps better to the stuff I want to do in my homelab.
- Podman accepts a subset of k8s resource-yaml as a docker-compose-like config interface. This lets me use my familiarity with k8s configs iny podman setup.
Overall, the simplicity and lightweight resource consumption of podman/docker are are what I value at home. The extra layers of abstraction and constraints k8s employs are valuable at work, where we have a lot of machines and alot of people that must coordinate effectively… but I don’t have those problems at home and the overhead (compute overhead, conceptual overhead, and config-overhesd) of k8s’ solutions to them is annoying there.
I’d suggest Podman over docker if someone is starting fresh. I like Podman running as rootless, but moving an existing docker to Podman was a pain. Since the initial docker setup was also a pain, I’d rather have only done it once :/
For me the use case of K8s only makes sense with large use cases (in terms of volume of traffic and users). Docker / Podman is sufficient to self-host something small.
Seems a bit overkill for a personal use selfhosting set-up.
Personally, I don’t need anything that requires multiple replicas and loadbalencers.
Do people who have homelabs actually need them? Or is it just for learning?
A lot of people thought this was the case for VMs and docker as well, and now it seems to be the norm.
A lot of people thought this was the case for VMs and docker as well, and now it seems to be the norm.
Yes, but docker does provide features that are useful at the level of a hobbyist self-hosting a few services for personal use (e.g. reproducibility). I like using docker and ansible to set up my systems, as I can painlessly reproduce everything or migrate to a different VPS in a few minutes.
But kubernetes seems overkill. None of my services have enough traffic to justify replicas, I’m the only user.
Besides learning (which is a valid reason), I don’t see why one would bother setting it up at home. Unless there’s a very specific use-case I’m missing.
I find mine useful as both a learning process and as a thing need. I don’t like using cloud services where possible so I can set things up to replace having to rely on those such as next loud for storage, plex and some *arr servers for media etc. And I think once you put the hardware and power costs vs what I’d pay for all the subs (particularly cloud storage costs) it comes out cheaper at least with hardware I’m using.
Yes, those are all great uses of it. But could all still be achieved with docker containers running on some machines at home, right?
Have you ever had a situation where features provided by kubernetes (like replicas, load balancers, etc) came in handy?
I’m not criticizing, I’m genuinely curious if there’s a use-case for kubernetes for personal self-hosting (besides learning).
I was a big proponent of k3s in the homelab, but I’m starting to think otherwise these days. I still expel choice words towards Docker’s networking, but it starts becoming more of a philosophical issue with what the company is doing and whoever decided this kind of networking is nice.
Is the networking on Podman any better? I understand using k8s at home to learn, but what if you don’t care about learning? I have never seen a point to k8s in homelabs other than in home-datacentres, and I’m starting to veer away from k3s too, since I don’t need extreme HA over 3 machines for my services (I would have used Proxmox if I wanted that).
Yeah, could someone give me a primer on how Podman is better than Docker? I’m adamant that I don’t want to use anything with the name “Docker” in my lab.
Not sure if it’s exactly what you’re looking for, but here’s a “primer” on Podman for Docker users: https://lemmy.world/post/213870
Thank you!
For me, I find that I learn more effectively when I have a goal. Sure, it’s great to follow somebody’s “Hello World” web site tutorial, but the real learning comes when I start to extend it to include CI/CD for example.
As far as a use case, I’d say that learning IS the use case.
Kubernetes is awesome for self hosting, but tbh is superpower isn’t multi-node/scalability/clustering shenanigans, it’s that because every bit of configuration is just an object in the API, you can really easily version control everything - charts and config in git, tools like Helm make applying changes super easy, use Renovate to do automatic updates, use your CI tool of choice to deploy on commit, leverage your hobby into a DevOps role, profit
Went swarm instead. I dont need a department of k8s consultants.
I like the concept, but hate the configuration schema and tooling which is all needlessly obtuse (eg. helm)
Helm is one of the reasons I became interested in Kubernetes. I really like the idea of a package where all I have to do is provide my preferences in a values file. Before swarm was mature, I was managing my containers with complicated shell scripts to bring stuff up in the right order and it became fragile and unmaintainable.
I am insane and use bare bone LXC.
Stupid ramblings you can probably ignore:
spoiler
Usually though it’s because I run most stuff bare metal anyway so LXC is for temporary or random cases where I need a weird dependency or I want to run a niche service.
Only use docker for when I actually want faster setup like docker-osx which does all the vm stuff for running a virtual Mac for you.
I don’t really mind docker, but for homelab I just find myself rewriting dockerfile anytime I want to change something which I don’t really need to do if I’m not publishing it or even reusing it.
Kubernates is really more effective for actual load services, which you never need in homelab lol. It’s great to use to learn k8s cluster, but the resources get eaten fast.
I have a K3OS cluster built out of a bunch of raspberry pis, it works well.
The big reason I like kubernetes is that once it is up and running with git ops style management, adding another service becomes trivial.
I just copy paste one if my e is ting services, tweak the names/namespaces, and then change the specific for the pods to match what their docker configuration needs, ie what folders need mounting and any other secrets or configs.
I then just commit the changes to github and apply them to the cluster.
The process of being able to roll back changes via git is awesome
I’d love to hear more about your GitHub to K8s setup. I’ve been thinking about doing something similar, but I’m not sure how to keep my public stuff public while injecting my personalized (private) configuration during deployment.
Nomad all the way. K8s is so bloated. Docker swarm can only do docker. Nomad can do basically anything.
Nomad is a breath of fresh air after working with k8s professionally.
Don’t get me wrong, love k8s, but it’s a bit much (until you need it)
I’ve been reading into k3s out of curiosity, which as I understand is supposed to be one of the simpler ones, and even as someone who works as a developer and maintains a small homelab, it just makes me feel utterly clueless lol. Which is to say, I’ll definitely be giving Nomad a good look.
Oh and if you do happen to have any other more newbie friendly suggestions, I’d love to hear about them!
Love is a strong word, but kubernetes is definitely interesting. I’m finishing up a migration of my homelab from a docker host running in a VM managed with Portainer to one smaller VM and three refurbished lenovo mini PCs running Rancher. It hasn’t been an easy road, but I chose to go with Rancher and k3s since it seemed to handle my usecase better than Portainer and Docker Swarm could. I can’t pass up those cheap mini PCs
Does rancher connect the pcs together? I have like 3 mini pcs sitting around, and I’ve always wanted to kinda combine them somehow
Like being able to combine cpu power or something. Idk if this is possible without getting a mobo with multiple cpu slots, but if it is. I’d love to learn!
Yeah, Kubernetes is designed to run in a cluster so you can pool processing power and memory from multiple devices. I banged my head against the wall for hours trying to figure out how to set up a cluster by hand, but then discovered if you install Rancher in a regular docker container it can handle all that for you
No shit. So you’re saying I can hook up like three mini pcs and make a mega at home server!? I gotta look into this. Did you follow a guide or anything you think is good enough or is as easy as a Google?
My recommendation is to look into k3sup and Rancher. I had a lot of trouble trying to install rancher in a docker container and migrating to a cluster after, and k3sup makes it really easy to set up a k3s cluster without having to configure everything manually
You can accomplish the same task with docker swarm, but I figured it would be better to learn something that wasn’t abandonware
I haven’t dug into the storage side yet since I have a separate NAS, but it will probably be beneficial to set up something like Ceph, GlusterFS, or Longhorn if you don’t have one
Oh I just realized this is for kubernates. Unraid is all dockers. Can a docker swarm also pool resources?
Yep, similar concept. Not sure how well unraid will handle the swarm behavior but I can imagine there’s someone out there who has tried it before
K3s seems pretty cool
K3s? What did you do to the other 5 letters??
Its k3s because its fast and light. It can run on a single core with 512mb of ram
I do aks. I can’t say love is the right word for it. Lol
Here’s a slightly different story: I run OpenBSD on 2 bare-metal machines in 2 different physical locations. I used k8s at work for a bit until I steered my career more towards programming. Having k8s knowledge handy doesn’t really help me so much now.
On OpenBSD there is no Kubernetes. Because I’ve got just two hosts, I’ve managed them with plain SSH and the default init system for 5+ years without any problems.
Docker with or without Compose and systemd is good enough for most of my use cases. SaltStack is good enough for config-as-code.
