And if so, would they get more prison time / a larger fine?
Simple answer is no. You have a constitutional right to say not guilty because it’s innocent until proven guilty.
Remember this only applies in court. On the streets, it’s guilty until shot.
A plea is not a testimony, and the defendant is not under oath at that point, so a not guilty plea is not seen as perjury. However, the defendant rejects any deals by pleading not guilty, so it might result in a more severe sentence.
(edit) There is also an option of “standing silent”, or refusing to plead, in which case the judge can enter a plea of not guilty on the defendant’s behalf, so that the rest of the trial can happen. Turning that “not guilty” plea into a perjury charge would be a pretty gross 1A violation.
However, the defendant rejects any deals by pleading not guilty, so it might result in a more severe sentence.
A bit tangential, but: In any criminal case (goes for civil, too, but with different terminology), the accused should always plead “not guilty” at arraignment. You can change your not guilty plea to guilty later on, if the prosecution offers a plea deal, or if some other set of circumstances make that plea your best choice. If and when you plead guilty, that’s it, all over, move on to sentencing.
Further down this rabbit trail, if you arrange it with the prosecution, you can plead “no contest,” which is a guilty plea that cannot be used against you in a later civil case. The plea itself does not make you civilly liable. In 47 states (exceptions: Indiana, New Jersey, and Michigan), you can submit an Alford plea. This plea is “I still proclaim innocence, but I agree that the State case is strong enough to convict me, and I do not have a sufficient defense.” Such a plea is allowed when the plea deal offers an escape from a more severe sentence, as in life in prison vs. capital punishment, making the plea “in the best interest” of the accused.
In the US and many other Western nations, the law operates on the presumption that the accused is innocent until proven guilty¹. To enter a plea as a defendant is to formally acknowledge charges filed in a court of law. A guilty plea simply indicates the defendant will not contest the charges, and the trial proceeds more or less directly to final adjudication and sentencing. Sometimes this is done as part of a plea deal where the prosecution and defense agree to a set of lesser charges, with reduced reduced jail times and/or larger fines. The defendant may noy even have committed any of the offences charged, but agrees to the to lesser charges to avoid time, expense or reputational harm of a lengthy trial.
A plea of not guilty simply indicates the defendant intends to challenge some or all of the charges, and is asserting their right to the presumption of innocence while the defense team reviews prosecutor’s inculpatory evidence, prepares counterarguments and gathers exculpatory evidence.
The accused is presumed to be innocent unless and until a guilty verdict is reached on the basis of the evidence presented at trial. Additional charges of perjury would only apply where evidence is entered in bad faith, or if the defendant were to make false statements under oath.
- In theory. In practice, we all know people get railroaded for any number of reasons, but that’s beside the point.
Another thing to consider is just because someone says something that is not true based on reality, doesn’t mean they lied. People’s memories are terrible and easily manipulated.
In Hungary, no. Because you only commit perjury if you are under oath on the stand as a witness. You are not under oath simply defending yourself. As my lawyer said to me once: you can say or lie literally anything you just want.
This is common in European countries, but in the US and other common law countries, defendants who choose to testify are under oath like any other witness.
If you testify. But you can always say no to that, do I know it right?
Yes
This seems a very regional question.
No.
No
I love this question.
Also it makes me so angry when serial killers still try to deny their murders years after the fact. The only thing worse than a killer is a lying killer.
