I’m new to selfhosting and I find myself rarely using the server, only when I need to retrieve a document or something.
I was thinking of implementing something to make it power on, on demand, but I’m not sure if this might be harmful for the HDDs, and I’m not sure how to implment it if so.
What’s your recommendation to do so? I’m running a dell optiplex 3050
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If you don’t need a lot of resources, I would just get something very low power and an SSD big enough for your purposes, and leave it on all the time. Wake on LAN has never worked reliably for me (or at all, really).
Starting up is definitely where spinning drives experience the most failures. They’ll run for tens of thousands of hours just fine, but one day if they stop, they might never spin back up.
You should also just measure your current power consumption for a baseline. You didn’t say whether you have a 3050 tower, mini, or micro, but it’s really the model of CPU that affects power the most.
I built a system ground up with a focus on power-usage a few years ago. You can go far down the rabbit hole when you start googling, but the key take-aways for me are:
- Eliminate features you don’t really need. E.g. do you realy need a RAID 10 configuration with 4 disks? Or can you get by with 2, or maybe even 1 (which might mean you experience downtime while waiting for a new HDD, but you do keep backups right?).
- Standard 300-400w ATX power supplies are inefficient under low loads (meaning much AC goes to waste converting it to DC). Use a PicoPSU (or a motherboard that runs on DC). Search for a high-quality power adapter (e.g. Leicke) that’s rated for low loads. Just make sure your PSU can handle booting, when your system will draw much more.
- Install drivers for motherboard features you don’t need (like soundcards or wifi) and then switch them off in the OS as this usually sets them in a more power-efficient state rather than disabling them in BIOS.
- SSD’s use less power than HDD’s but get expensive for higher capacities. I use a Nvme SSD as a startup drive and to host my containers, and 2,5" 5400rpm HDD’s for storage. Those disks are slow but get the job done, and despite running 24/7 there hasn’t been any failures.
- I installed a passive cooling-block on the CPU and optimized the airflow in the case. It has 3 (small, as it’s a 1u server case) case fans that are controlled by fancontrol and only kick in when the cpu’s temp is > 60°C, which is not very oten. This also means it’s very quiet ;-).
- Make sure to configure all power settings in the OS of your choice (powertop and tlp for linux).
Great tips. I hunted 2.5" HDDs when I was doing my build but they seem to be on their way out, being meant for laptops which are now largely just using SSDs :(
I used to buy external Seagate HDD’s and pry open the enclosure. Inside it’s just a regular 2,5" HDD with a small sata>usb board. Last time I checked these are still available and might be easier to find (and cheaper). But yeah, you don’t have many models to choose from these days. You could use SSD’s which will save a bit of power but they are vastly more expensive. I don’t think the money you’ll save on power will offset that.
I have a similar question that I wonder if anyone can help with. So I’m not overly familiar with self hosting but I’d like to get into it more with simple things, I have a raspberry pi connected to a 3d printer for networked controls and I feel like I should be able to make the raspberry pi not be used just for that only. So like I’m thinking maybe I can run simple things along with it. Basically since the printer is noisy I don’t want all that to be on all the time but I’d like the raspberry pi to do oter things too. Maybe I should make a separate post for this haha, anyways thanks for listening. Oh forgot to add my question lol So basically I’m wondering if there’s a way that power on lan or something may be useful here
I had an optiplex 3060 micro with 8500t, 24gb ram and 2 ssds idling around 3-5watts.
That’s impressive! I have less everything, how can I know how much it takes while idle? External device?
I’d question that. I have three 3080 and they’re consistently about 8W each with one ssd and onboard graphics. I even went so far to splice three barrel jacks to a single 60w power supply that powers all three to avoid the losses of an additional 2 power supplies and this gets me the 8w idle power with Debian and throttling.
Which fom factor do you have? And did you install powertop and tlp? The newer Intel CPUs need a little more power in idle. Old comment as reference: https://www.reddit.com/r/homelab/comments/m4oif7/comment/gqvs35l/
I have the micro form factor I assume the same as you. Basically just a laptop in a small desktop case. I never installed tlp I’ll have to give that a shot but I’m pretty sure it’s optimized. I have two as servers and one as a router and I’d love to get it down to 12w total! I monitor the whole server rack with an iotawatt and all my servers and networking gear hovers around 75w idle.
Hardware specs would be more useful than the model.
As a general rule, install ‘tlp’, and ‘powertop’. TLP will usually make a decent impact with the defaults detected for your specific hardware, but you can go further by tailoring the config for your specific hardware as well. Powertop is normally better for laptop power measurement on battery, but the tunables section will show you good and bad settings that are currently enabled, which you can easily toggle on and off. It’s just an easy interface for new users to be able to dig into detailed power tunables without really harming anything.
